Kaolin is used in ceramic whiteware products, insulators, and refractories. In whitewares, kaolin aids accurate control of molding properties, and adds dry and fired strength, dimensional stability, and a smooth surface finish to the ware. The excellent dielectric properties and chemical inertness of kaolin make it well suited for porcelain electrical insulators. In refractory applications, the dimensional stability, high fusion point, and low water content, along with high green strength, make kaolin an important constituent.